Electric signaling system.



1 No.s15,s91. I

' UNITED STATES SAMUEL MARs YoUNa-oFnEW'YoRK, N. Y.

' ELECTRIC SI GN ALING SYST EMi sl ecification of ilett ers l atent. Patented March 20, 1906,.

Original application filed April26,1903, Serial No. 154,276. Divided andillis application filed October 184904. Serial No. 228,954.

To all whom) it may concern: I

Be it known that I, SAMUEL MARSH'YOUNG,

.nacitizen of -the Uniteifitates, residing at NewYork city, county and State of"'N'eW- I ork, have inventeda System of Automatic Sifinaling fer" Electric R'ailways, of which the fo owingis a specification.

. My invention consists in a system of auto matic si naling for electric railways.

I Theoiject of my invention is to provide --means whereby-the condition ofany section of a: railway may be visibly, audibly, orn'ther- WlSQ indicated-as, for instance, 'throu li the gcperation of semaphore-arms, bells, ights',

an electric railway into a series of blocks and to locate in each of such blocks a signaling device normally held the clear position.-

' by means of a magnet traversed by a current 1 derived frorn'a;battery}fr om thesecondary, of

. a' transformer meagre-primal in" *circuit with a source of current enejrgy,=,or from any I 'nalm idevice and thesignaling-"devicells :j ecte to thelifting action of acounterweight.

Such system of signals is applicable to rail-' wayswhere the motive power is steam or.

",othersource of energy tors, but lis not app able to railways where 3 5 v the motive power; is electricity transmitted alternating or pulsating current energy and wholly or in part through the rails of the rail-f5 way and for the reason "that the currents emf ployed innperatin the vcar-motors and ,sigfinals. must be kept distinct; For instance, in

0 a'railw'ay'operated bydirect-current 'ener y it is necessary that the signals be operated y 1 in the case where the car-motors are operated by alternating-current energy that the sig- I nals also be operated by alternating-current ener y, but that. the two currents-be of differ-1 ent' equency or phase relation. In. the case where the car-motors are operated by direct -current manifestly it is nec- 5o essaryto interpose devices in the system forpreventing the direct current from influenc mg the'devicjes adapted to be actuated-by the. alternatin current; andvice yersai In United- States I etters Patent granted to me '1 has heretofore been proposed to divide carried on the car-mo- I to wit," Nos. 757,537 and 762,370, dated, re-' spectively, April 19, 1904, andJune 14, 1904 I have illustrated the character and the use of suchrlevicesandhavealso shown an arrange- :ment ofciicuits wherebythe direct and alter 'fnating currents employed make use of a com- :monreturn. l invention as applied to a Qsystem employing a direct currentfor operating the car-motors and an alternating current for-actuating the signaling devices, which I will describe m described in my prior patents. The accompanying-' diagram will serve to illustrate my invention. I v i g-f j Referring to thediagra'm, 5 indicates a dimotor 7 through the instrumentality 05ml;

rails upon which the car-motor movesfljflhe rail 9 isdivided into-a series of block-sections of therail 9 are connected re'actance bondsll. Corresponding reactance-bonds 1 1 are connected across ltherails and a reactance-bond l'l between the endiof a rail-sec- .tion and the dynamo 5;

using the .reactance bends issthatthe resistcurrent thus materiallyreduced'ffi'om .What it would-be if oneirail were abandoned and, furtherfl the, leakage: of the alternating-cur- To operate the signals',gl employ the alternat;ing enerator "1 2, to which is connected ma'ry- 18 of a second transfoiinenlt), the secay-m net 2-1.; Mounted. under the mag- ,"Ilet is a, gr at r iyhichfmay baa battery, secondary strangsystem is intended-as a modification ofthat ance' of the returii-Obl di c torffonthe powen the conductors 13"and 1:4. 'ffionnectedacross 23indicatesiasource of electrical 'feiiergy,-

rectcurrent. generator; '6, outgoing feeder fromwhiclgi-curre'nt may be taken to the car-- 'ley-poles or other contact devices 83* 9' 10,

vent tlie alternating"-signalihgemirrent from flowing between the blockesections B0 or' across .therails 9 10,01; the endsection' of rail 9 to dynamo 5. Thaadfvantage of:

rent, between the re s is reduced to a inini- ICC former is "locatediinlea'ch block,.,.; Connected across the, rails 9.1() of each block is the pri= ondaryf 20 of which includes thecoil ofa re- .former, or other source of energy. '1 24 is a 10 that the carrmotor occupies the center block B, The efie'ct of the motor upon criteria ablock is to short-eircuit the'prima 1'8 of t e transformer 19, thereby allowin t emagnet 21 todrop its armature 22, and-t us-open the 1 local-circuit'from the source of energy 23 to the magnet. 24,- the effect of whichis: to permit the counterweight 28 to lift the semahore-arm- 26 to the'dan 'er positiomindicatmg that a car is on the b ock; Whenthe ear 26 moves out of the block, the current inthe secondary 29 of the transformer. 19 energizes the magnet 21 ,which attracts its armature. 22, closes the circuit. from the source of en 'ergy. 23 to the magnet .24, wh ch attracts its 2 5 armature 29, thus drawing the semaphorearm 26 to the clear 'osition.

I do not limit mysel in any wise to a systemwhere the car-motors are operated by a 1 direct current and the si aling devices by an alternatin current, as 1t will beevide'nt to those skil ed in the art-that, an alternatinggenerator may be substituted for the genera- Itor 5, provided the frequenc of alternations of current delivered from t '8 generator be 3 diiferent from that from the generator 12. Under ordinary conditionsof practice Iwould -make the alternations of the currentfrom the generator 5, say, one hundred and twelve per minute, while that of the current from 40 the generator 12 twenty per minute.

. It is well understood that a relay adapted to work with alternations at twenty "per [minute will not be influenced b a current with alternations -of one hundre and twelve per minute. It Wlll also be understood that the phases of the currents delivered from,

generators 5 and 12 may be difierent,'or I may arrange the transformer 19 in suchmanner that'difierent phasesma be created in its secondary, which may e used to operate motors or other devices whose action will correspond so far as the signals are concerned to that of the relay-magnets 21 or otherwise.

ferring'to the separate currents employed for actuating the car-motors and the signals I have used the expression difierin in charactor, and by thisexpression I wis to have it understood that there must be a difference in electrical character and entirely irrespective of the relative strength of the two currents employedas, for instance, one ourrent maybe'a direct current and the other an alternating current, or both currents may In the claims of this application and in re- I ent in-character, a system of conductors from be alternating-and differing in frequency or phase relation.

This application is a division of my former application, Serial No. 154,275,1iled April 25, 1903,.

t I wish it understood that I make no claim in this application for the broadfeatures of an'automatic block-signaling system for electric railways as herein disclosed and as heretofore-disclosed in my Patent'No. 757,537,

dated A ril 19, 1904, and that the claims of this app ication are limited to the particular features of'constructionherein shown, but not shown in my former patent'i. a, a construction where the power and signalin circuits are physically separated, but in in notive relation.

' "Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is'

1. Asystem of electrical distribution and signaling for railways, comprising two sources of electrlcal energy deliverin currents differing incharacter, a system 0 conductors for the current from one of said sources comprising an outgoing feeder-conductor and two return-conductors, one of said last-named conductors formed from acontinuous rail and the other from a divided rail and reactancebonds, and a system of conductors for the current from the-other source comprisin two continuous conductors electrically insu ated from the current derived fromthe source of energy to which'they are not connected, mo tor-cars o erated from one source of energy, and signa mg devices 0 erated from the ot or source of energy, an ada ted to be controlled by the movement 0 the motor-cars 2. A system of electrical distribution and si naling for railways, comprising two sources 0 electrical energy deliverlng currents differing in character, a system of conductors from each of said sources 'of energy, one of said systems of conductors electrically insulatedfrom the current traversing the second system-of conductors, and the second system of con IIC ductors having impressed upon its returnlegs an alternating current, motor-cars driven from the'second source of electricit and-signaling devicesener ized from the st source of electricity and a apted to be controlled by the movement of the motor-cars.

3. A-system of electrical distribution and signaling for railways, comprising two sources 0 electrical energy delivering currents differ- I 20 each of said sources of ener one of said-eye I tems of conductors electrica 1y insulated'from the current traversing the second system .of conductors, and the second system ofnnoli 1 2 5 ductors havin' impressed upon its return n legs a current iiierent incharacter from that derived from .the second source of electricity,

'niotor-carsdrivenfrom the second source of ed to be controlled by the movements of the from the first source of electricity and adapt-T motor-cars.

4. A system of electrical distributionand signaling for railways, comprising two sources of 1816013110211 energy delivering currents different in character, an independent system of conductors from each of said sources of ener- -i gy, one of said systems of conduc'tors com-' pr sing an outgomg feeder and two returnpaths, one of said return paths formed of a continuous rail and the other of. a'divided rail with interposed reaotanoe-bonds, transformers having their. rimaries connected across one source, of e ectrical energy and I 5 

